Về trang chủ•CAMBRIDGE LEXICAL RESOURCE · SPACED REPETITION SM-2

Kho Từ Vựng Học Thuật & Collocations IELTS 0 → 8.5

Đối chiếu trực diện từ vựng văn nói Band 5.0 sang 72+ Collocations học thuật C1–C2 chuẩn Cambridge cho Task 1 & Task 2, tích hợp thuật toán lặp lại ngắt quãng SM-2.

Kho C1 Chuẩn Cambridge

72+72 cụm C1–C2

Cần ôn hôm nay (Due SM-2)

72Sẵn sàng lật thẻ

Đã thuộc sâu (≥ 7 ngày)

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Chọn bộ chuyên đề luyện tập
Hiển thị 72 / 72 mục từ điển nâng cấp C1–C2
Band 4.5–5.5Education & SocietyMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):be very important in
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

play a pivotal role in

/pleɪ ə ˈpɪvətl rəʊl ɪn/Verb phrase

đóng vai trò then chốt trong

To serve a central, decisive function in shaping an outcome.

“Early childhood education can play a pivotal role in shaping a student’s lifelong attitude toward learning.”
Band 4.5–5.5Technology & MediaMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):have a big effect on
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

exert a profound impact on

/ɪɡˈzɜːt ə prəˈfaʊnd ˈɪmpækt ɒn/Verb phrase

tạo ra tác động sâu sắc lên

To produce a strong, far-reaching influence on people or systems.

“Social media algorithms exert a profound impact on how young adults form political opinions.”
Band 4.5–5.5Government & Public SpendingMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):give money to
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

allocate financial resources to

/ˈæləkeɪt faɪˈnænʃl rɪˈzɔːsɪz tuː/Verb phrase

phân bổ nguồn lực tài chính cho

To officially distribute public or organizational funds for a specific purpose.

“Governments should allocate financial resources to preventive healthcare rather than solely funding hospital expansion.”
Band 4.5–5.5Environment & SocietyMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):take the job of fixing
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

shoulder the responsibility for

/ˈʃəʊldə ðə rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti fɔː/Verb phrase

gánh vác trách nhiệm cho

To accept and carry a serious moral or civic duty.

“Both multinational corporations and consumers must shoulder the responsibility for reducing plastic waste.”
Band 4.5–5.5Health & EnvironmentMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):make people know more about
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

raise public awareness of

/reɪz ˈpʌblɪk əˈweənəs ɒv/Verb phrase

nâng cao nhận thức cộng đồng về

To inform citizens so they understand the seriousness of an issue.

“Nationwide campaigns are needed to raise public awareness of the dangers of sedentary lifestyles.”
Band 4.5–5.5Work-Life & LifestyleMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):keep two things equal
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

strike a balance between

/straɪk ə ˈbæləns bɪˈtwiːn/Verb phrase

đạt được sự cân bằng giữa

To find a sensible compromise between two competing demands.

“Modern employees often struggle to strike a balance between professional ambition and family commitments.”
Band 4.5–5.5Education & EmploymentMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):get real work practice
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

gain practical experience

/ɡeɪn ˈpræktɪkl ɪkˈspɪəriəns/Verb phrase

tích lũy kinh nghiệm thực tiễn

To acquire hands-on skills through real-world application rather than theory.

“Taking a gap year allows school leavers to gain practical experience before entering university.”
Band 4.5–5.5Law & EnvironmentMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):make hard rules for
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

impose strict regulations on

/ɪmˈpəʊz strɪkt ˌreɡjuˈleɪʃnz ɒn/Verb phrase

áp đặt các quy định nghiêm ngặt lên

To officially enforce tough legal rules to control harmful activities.

“Authorities ought to impose strict regulations on fast-food advertising targeted at primary school children.”
Band 4.5–5.5Society & InequalityMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):make the difference smaller
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

bridge the gap between

/brɪdʒ ðə ɡæp bɪˈtwiːn/Verb phrase

thu hẹp khoảng cách giữa

To reduce disparities separating two social groups or regions.

“Expanding broadband infrastructure helps bridge the gap between rural communities and urban centers.”
Band 4.5–5.5Culture & CommunityMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):help people live well together
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

foster social cohesion

/ˈfɒstə ˈsəʊʃl kəʊˈhiːʒn/Verb phrase

thúc đẩy sự gắn kết xã hội

To encourage unity, trust, and mutual belonging among diverse citizens.

“Accessible public parks and community festivals foster social cohesion in multicultural cities.”
Band 4.5–5.5EducationMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):go to college after high school
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

pursue higher education

/pəˈsjuː ˈhaɪər ˌedʒuˈkeɪʃn/Verb phrase

theo đuổi giáo dục đại học

To enroll in and study at university or tertiary-level institutions.

“Rising tuition fees deter many talented students from low-income backgrounds when they wish to pursue higher education.”
Band 4.5–5.5Urbanization & TransportMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):stop too many cars on roads
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

alleviate traffic congestion

/əˈliːvieɪt ˈtræfɪk kənˈdʒestʃən/Verb phrase

giảm thiểu ùn tắc giao thông

To make severe road crowding less intense through transport measures.

“Investing in reliable underground rail networks is the most effective way to alleviate traffic congestion in megacities.”
Band 6.0–6.5Evaluation (Adv/Disadv)Mới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):be bigger than the bad sides
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

outweigh the potential drawbacks

/ˌaʊtˈweɪ ðə pəˈtenʃl ˈdrɔːbæks/Verb phrase

vượt trội hơn những bất cập tiềm ẩn

To prove more significant or beneficial than possible disadvantages.

“Overall, the long-term economic gains of renewable energy far outweigh the potential drawbacks of high installation costs.”
Band 6.0–6.5Policy & EconomyMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):bring clear good results
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

yield tangible benefits

/jiːld ˈtændʒəbl ˈbenɪfɪts/Verb phrase

mang lại những lợi ích thiết thực, rõ rệt

To produce measurable, concrete positive outcomes.

“Subsidizing vocational training can yield tangible benefits for both youth employment and industrial productivity.”
Band 6.0–6.5Environment & SecurityMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):be very dangerous for
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

pose a formidable threat to

/pəʊz ə ˈfɔːmɪdəbl θret tuː/Verb phrase

đặt ra mối đe dọa đáng gờm đối với

To create a serious, difficult-to-overcome danger to something valuable.

“Rising sea levels pose a formidable threat to agricultural livelihoods across low-lying coastal regions.”
Band 6.0–6.5Society & EconomyMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):make rich and poor more different
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

exacerbate socioeconomic inequality

/ɪɡˈzæsəbeɪt ˌsəʊsiəʊˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk ˌɪnɪˈkwɒləti/Verb phrase

làm trầm trọng thêm bất bình đẳng kinh tế - xã hội

To worsen existing wealth and opportunity gaps between social classes.

“Privatizing essential healthcare services may inadvertently exacerbate socioeconomic inequality.”
Band 6.0–6.5Work & GenderMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):stop people getting better jobs
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

hinder career progression

/ˈhɪndə kəˈrɪə prəˈɡreʃn/Verb phrase

cản trở sự thăng tiến nghề nghiệp

To obstruct or slow down professional advancement.

“A lack of affordable childcare facilities continues to hinder career progression for many working parents.”
Band 6.0–6.5EducationMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):teach students to think carefully
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

cultivate critical thinking skills

/ˈkʌltɪveɪt ˈkrɪtɪkl ˈθɪŋkɪŋ skɪlz/Verb phrase

trau dồi kỹ năng tư duy phản biện

To deliberately nurture analytical and independent reasoning abilities.

“Schools must reform rote-learning curricula in order to cultivate critical thinking skills among adolescents.”
Band 6.0–6.5Environment & ClimateMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):cut down dirty gas
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

curb carbon emissions

/kɜːb ˈkɑːbən ɪˈmɪʃnz/Verb phrase

kiềm chế lượng khí thải carbon

To restrain or substantially reduce greenhouse gas output.

“Levying higher taxes on aviation fuel is a pragmatic measure to curb carbon emissions.”
Band 6.0–6.5Globalization & CultureMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):slowly destroy old traditions
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

erode traditional cultural values

/ɪˈrəʊd trəˈdɪʃənl ˈkʌltʃərəl ˈvæljuːz/Verb phrase

làm mai một các giá trị văn hóa truyền thống

To gradually weaken or wear away long-standing customs and beliefs.

“Critics contend that Westernized entertainment can erode traditional cultural values in developing nations.”
Band 6.0–6.5Crime & LawMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):scare people from doing crimes
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

act as a deterrent against

/ækt æz ə dɪˈterənt əˈɡenst/Verb phrase

đóng vai trò như biện pháp răn đe đối với

To discourage unlawful behavior through fear of consequences.

“Visible community policing can act as a deterrent against petty crime far more effectively than harsher prison sentences.”
Band 6.0–6.5Technology & WorkplaceMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):change a lot and very fast
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

undergo a dramatic transformation

/ˌʌndəˈɡəʊ ə drəˈmætɪk ˌtrænsfəˈmeɪʃn/Verb phrase

trải qua một cuộc chuyển đổi mạnh mẽ

To experience a profound, far-reaching structural change.

“Conventional retail sectors have had to undergo a dramatic transformation due to the rise of e-commerce.”
Band 6.0–6.5Health & RegulationMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):put people’s health in danger
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

jeopardize public health

/ˈdʒepədaɪz ˈpʌblɪk helθ/Verb phrase

gây nguy hại cho sức khỏe cộng đồng

To put the physical well-being of the population at serious risk.

“Discharging untreated industrial waste into rivers can severely jeopardize public health.”
Band 6.0–6.5Environment & BusinessMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):encourage companies to be green
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

incentivize sustainable practices

/ɪnˈsentɪvaɪz səˈsteɪnəbl ˈpræktɪsɪz/Verb phrase

khuyến khích các hoạt động bền vững

To offer financial or policy rewards that motivate eco-friendly behavior.

“Tax rebates are widely used by European governments to incentivize sustainable practices in manufacturing.”
Band 7.0–8.5Innovation & EconomyMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):a very necessary thing that speeds up
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

an indispensable catalyst for

/æn ˌɪndɪˈspensəbl ˈkætəlɪst fɔː/Noun phrase

chất xúc tác không thể thiếu cho

An essential force that accelerates significant progress or reform.

“Open-access scientific research serves as an indispensable catalyst for medical breakthroughs.”
Band 7.0–8.5Policy & CrisisMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):reduce the bad results of
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

mitigate the adverse repercussions of

/ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt ði ˈædvɜːs ˌriːpəˈkʌʃnz ɒv/Verb phrase

giảm nhẹ những hệ lụy bất lợi của

To lessen the severity of unintended negative consequences.

“Targeted retraining schemes are required to mitigate the adverse repercussions of factory automation.”
Band 7.0–8.5Poverty & SocietyMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):keep a bad problem repeating
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

perpetuate a vicious cycle of

/pəˈpetʃueɪt ə ˈvɪʃəs ˈsaɪkl ɒv/Verb phrase

duy trì vòng luẩn quẩn của

To cause a self-reinforcing chain of negative events to continue indefinitely.

“Underfunded rural schools often perpetuate a vicious cycle of low literacy and generational poverty.”
Band 7.0–8.5Digital TechnologyMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):fast spread everywhere of
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

ubiquitous proliferation of

/juːˈbɪkwɪtəs prəˌlɪfəˈreɪʃn ɒv/Noun phrase

sự bùng nổ hiện diện khắp mọi nơi của

The rapid, omnipresent spread of devices, media, or phenomena.

“The ubiquitous proliferation of smartphones has blurred the boundary between work hours and personal leisure.”
Band 7.0–8.5Psychology & Urban LifeMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):make people feel lonely and separate
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

engender a sense of alienation

/ɪnˈdʒendər ə sens ɒv ˌeɪliəˈneɪʃn/Verb phrase

làm nảy sinh cảm giác cô lập, xa lánh

To give rise to feelings of social isolation and detachment.

“Hyper-connected virtual environments can paradoxically engender a sense of alienation among teenagers.”
Band 7.0–8.5AI & Future of WorkMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):make human workers not needed anymore
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

render human labor obsolete

/ˈrendə ˈhjuːmən ˈleɪbər ˈɒbsəliːt/Verb phrase

khiến sức lao động con người trở nên lỗi thời

To cause manual or routine human jobs to be completely outdated and replaced.

“While generative AI automates repetitive clerical tasks, it is unlikely to render human labor obsolete in empathetic professions.”
Band 7.0–8.5Science & IndustryMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):lead new technology making
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

spearhead technological innovation

/ˈspɪəhed ˌteknəˈlɒdʒɪkl ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/Verb phrase

đi đầu dẫn dắt đổi mới công nghệ

To lead the forefront of pioneering research and technological development.

“Public-private partnerships often spearhead technological innovation in clean energy storage.”
Band 7.0–8.5Biodiversity & EcologyMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):suddenly cause a drop that cannot be fixed
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

precipitate an irreversible decline

/prɪˈsɪpɪteɪt æn ˌɪrɪˈvɜːsəbl dɪˈklaɪn/Verb phrase

châm ngòi cho sự suy thoái không thể đảo ngược

To trigger a sudden, permanent deterioration that cannot be undone.

“Unchecked deforestation in tropical basins could precipitate an irreversible decline in global biodiversity.”
Band 7.0–8.5Development & EconomicsMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):make poor people’s lives better
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

ameliorate living standards

/əˈmiːliəreɪt ˈlɪvɪŋ ˈstændədz/Verb phrase

cải thiện mức sống (vốn đang khó khăn)

To make unsatisfactory living conditions noticeably better.

“Microfinance initiatives have helped ameliorate living standards in underserved agrarian communities.”
Band 7.0–8.5Global ChallengesMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):a complicated problem that needs
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

a multifaceted dilemma requiring

/ə ˌmʌltiˈfæsɪtɪd dɪˈlemə rɪˈkwaɪərɪŋ/Noun phrase

một bài toán nan giải đa chiều đòi hỏi

A complex problem with many interwoven dimensions demanding coordinated solutions.

“Youth unemployment is a multifaceted dilemma requiring synchronized reforms in both universities and labor markets.”
Band 7.0–8.5Taxation & Social JusticeMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):hurt weak people much more than others
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

disproportionately burden vulnerable groups

/ˌdɪsprəˈpɔːʃənətli ˈbɜːdn ˈvʌlnərəbl ɡruːps/Verb phrase

đặt gánh nặng bất tương xứng lên các nhóm yếu thế

To place an unfairly heavy cost or hardship on disadvantaged populations.

“Flat consumption taxes on fuel tend to disproportionately burden vulnerable groups with fixed incomes.”
Band 7.0–8.5Sustainability & PolicyMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):make money growth work together with
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

reconcile economic growth with

/ˈrekənsaɪl ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk ɡrəʊθ wɪð/Verb phrase

dung hòa tăng trưởng kinh tế với

To make industrial expansion compatible with competing priorities such as conservation.

“Policymakers face mounting pressure to reconcile economic growth with long-term ecological stewardship.”
Task 1 DataUpward TrendsMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):went up very big
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

witnessed a substantial surge

/ˈwɪtnəst ə səbˈstænʃl sɜːdʒ/Verb phrase

chứng kiến mức tăng vọt đáng kể

Experienced a rapid and large upward movement over a given period.

“Solar power generation witnessed a substantial surge from 15 gigawatts in 2010 to 90 gigawatts in 2020.”
Task 1 DataDownward TrendsMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):fell down to the lowest point
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

plummeted to an all-time low

/ˈplʌmɪtɪd tuː æn ɔːl taɪm ləʊ/Verb phrase

lao dốc xuống mức thấp kỷ lục

Dropped sharply and suddenly to the lowest recorded figure.

“International passenger arrivals plummeted to an all-time low of just 1.2 million in the second quarter.”
Task 1 DataStabilityMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):stayed almost the same at
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

remained relatively static at

/rɪˈmeɪnd ˈrelətɪvli ˈstætɪk æt/Verb phrase

duy trì tương đối ổn định ở mức

Showed negligible change around a specific figure across the timeframe.

“Household expenditure on print newspapers remained relatively static at roughly 3% throughout the decade.”
Task 1 DataProportions (Pie/Table)Mới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):took the biggest part of
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

accounted for the lion's share of

/əˈkaʊntɪd fɔː ðə ˈlaɪənz ʃeər ɒv/Verb phrase

chiếm tỷ trọng áp đảo nhất trong

Made up the single largest proportion of a total distribution.

“Housing and utility bills accounted for the lion's share of monthly outlays among metropolitan families.”
Task 1 DataComparisons & PeaksMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):passed the others and reached the top at
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

surpassed its counterparts to peak at

/səˈpɑːst ɪts ˈkaʊntəpɑːts tuː piːk æt/Verb phrase

vượt qua các nhóm còn lại để đạt đỉnh tại

Overtook competing categories before reaching its highest point.

“Online streaming surpassed its counterparts to peak at 68% of total music revenue in 2022.”
Task 1 DataVolatilityMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):went up and down a little before
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

experienced mild fluctuations before

/ɪkˈspɪəriənst maɪld ˌflʌktʃuˈeɪʃnz bɪˈfɔː/Verb phrase

trải qua những biến động nhẹ trước khi

Rose and fell slightly within a narrow range prior to a subsequent trend.

“Wheat exports experienced mild fluctuations before climbing steadily during the final five years.”
Task 1 DataMultipliersMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):became two times bigger
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

registered a twofold increase

/ˈredʒɪstəd ə ˈtuːfəʊld ˈɪŋkriːs/Verb phrase

ghi nhận mức tăng gấp đôi

Doubled in numerical value over the measured period.

“The proportion of postgraduate students registered a twofold increase between 2005 and 2015.”
Task 1 DataOverall OverviewMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):showed a going-up line
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

exhibited an upward trajectory

/ɪɡˈzɪbɪtɪd æn ˈʌpwəd trəˈdʒektəri/Verb phrase

thể hiện quỹ đạo tăng trưởng đi lên

Displayed a consistent overall pattern of growth over time.

“Overall, all three renewable energy sources exhibited an upward trajectory over the twenty-year period.”
Task 1 DataMinor ProportionsMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):made up a very tiny bit of
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

constituted a mere fraction of

/ˈkɒnstɪtjuːtɪd ə mɪə ˈfrækʃn ɒv/Verb phrase

chỉ chiếm một phần rất nhỏ trong

Formed an insignificant percentage compared with dominant categories.

“Electric bicycles constituted a mere fraction of commuter trips in 2010, at under 2%.”
Task 1 DataGap ComparisonsMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):made the gap bigger between
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

widened the disparity between

/ˈwaɪdnd ðə dɪˈspærəti bɪˈtwiːn/Verb phrase

nới rộng sự chênh lệch giữa

Increased the numerical difference separating two data series.

“Rapid wage growth in finance widened the disparity between high-income and service-sector earners.”
Task 1 DataLeveling OffMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):stopped changing at about
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

stabilized at approximately

/ˈsteɪbəlaɪzd æt əˈprɒksɪmətli/Verb phrase

ổn định lại ở mức xấp xỉ

Stopped rising or falling and settled near a specific value.

“After a sharp dip in 2018, coffee production stabilized at approximately 4.5 million tonnes.”
Task 1 DataFuture ProjectionsMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):expected to stay flat near
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

projected to plateau around

/prəˈdʒektɪd tuː ˈplætəʊ əˈraʊnd/Participial phrase

được dự báo sẽ chững lại quanh ngưỡng

Forecasted to level off and stop growing near a certain figure.

“Urban population growth in the region is projected to plateau around 82% by 2040.”
Task 1 Map/ProcessMap RedevelopmentMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):knocked down to build
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

demolished to make way for

/dɪˈmɒlɪʃt tuː meɪk weɪ fɔː/Passive phrase

bị phá dỡ để nhường chỗ cho

Torn down intentionally so a new structure could be built on the site.

“The disused warehouse along the riverbank was demolished to make way for a waterfront apartment complex.”
Task 1 Map/ProcessMap TransportMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):changed into a walking street
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

converted into a pedestrianized zone

/kənˈvɜːtɪd ˈɪntuː ə pəˈdestriənaɪzd zəʊn/Passive phrase

được chuyển đổi thành khu phố đi bộ

Repurposed so motor vehicles are banned and only foot traffic is permitted.

“By 2023, the central market street had been converted into a pedestrianized zone lined with cafes.”
Task 1 Map/ProcessSpatial LocationMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):put in the top-left corner
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

situated in the northwestern corner

/ˈsɪtʃueɪtɪd ɪn ðə ˌnɔːθˈwestən ˈkɔːnə/Participial phrase

tọa lạc ở góc phía tây bắc

Precisely positioned in the upper-left compass sector of a map.

“A new wind-turbine cluster is situated in the northwestern corner of the island, away from residential housing.”
Task 1 Map/ProcessMap Land UseMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):got bigger by taking land from
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

expanded at the expense of

/ɪkˈspændɪd æt ði ɪkˈspens ɒv/Passive phrase

được mở rộng trên phần diện tích lấy từ

Enlarged in size by reducing or replacing an adjacent area.

“The university car park was doubled in size and expanded at the expense of the adjacent woodland.”
Task 1 Map/ProcessMap OverviewMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):became much newer everywhere
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

underwent extensive modernization

/ˌʌndəˈwent ɪkˈstensɪv ˌmɒdənaɪˈzeɪʃn/Verb phrase

trải qua quá trình hiện đại hóa sâu rộng

Experienced thorough upgrading of infrastructure and facilities.

“Overall, the harbour town underwent extensive modernization between 1995 and the present day.”
Task 1 Map/ProcessMap RelocationMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):moved outside the town
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

relocated to the outskirts of

/ˌriːləʊˈkeɪtɪd tuː ði ˈaʊtskɜːts ɒv/Passive phrase

được di dời ra vùng ngoại ô của

Moved from a central area to the outer perimeter of a town or city.

“To reduce noise pollution, the manufacturing plant was relocated to the outskirts of the town.”
Task 1 Map/ProcessProcess StartMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):starts by digging out
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

commences with the extraction of

/kəˈmensɪz wɪð ði ɪkˈstrækʃn ɒv/Verb phrase

bắt đầu bằng công đoạn khai thác / chiết xuất

Marks the formal initial stage of an industrial or natural cycle.

“The cement-making process commences with the extraction of raw limestone and clay from quarries.”
Task 1 Map/ProcessProcess SequencingMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):then moved on a belt
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

subsequently transported via conveyor

/ˈsʌbsɪkwəntli trænsˈpɔːtɪd ˈvaɪə kənˈveɪə/Passive phrase

sau đó được vận chuyển qua băng chuyền

Moved in the next stage along a mechanical belt system.

“Crushed glass shards are sorted by color and subsequently transported via conveyor to the melting furnace.”
Task 1 Map/ProcessProcess TreatmentMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):put under hot cleaning
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

subjected to high-temperature filtration

/səbˈdʒektɪd tuː haɪ ˈtemprətʃə fɪlˈtreɪʃn/Passive phrase

được đưa qua quá trình lọc nhiệt độ cao

Exposed to intense heat and filtering to remove impurities.

“In the fourth stage, the liquid mixture is subjected to high-temperature filtration to eliminate bacteria.”
Task 1 Map/ProcessProcess CompletionMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):ends with putting into boxes
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

culminates in the packaging of

/ˈkʌlmɪneɪts ɪn ðə ˈpækɪdʒɪŋ ɒv/Verb phrase

khép lại ở khâu đóng gói thành phẩm

Reaches its final stage with goods sealed for distribution.

“The automated production line culminates in the packaging of sterilized bottles for retail delivery.”
Task 1 Map/ProcessSpatial ProximityMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):next to the big main street
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

adjacent to the main arterial road

/əˈdʒeɪsnt tuː ðə meɪn ɑːˈtɪəriəl rəʊd/Adjective phrase

tiếp giáp ngay cạnh trục đường huyết mạch chính

Located directly beside a major high-capacity thoroughfare.

“A newly constructed supermarket now stands adjacent to the main arterial road running north to south.”
Task 1 Map/ProcessMap Dramatic ChangeMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):changed so much nobody knows it into
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

transformed beyond recognition into

/trænsˈfɔːmd bɪˈjɒnd ˌrekəɡˈnɪʃn ˈɪntuː/Passive phrase

thay đổi hoàn toàn diện mạo trở thành

Altered so drastically over time that its former state is barely identifiable.

“Over three decades, the quiet fishing village was transformed beyond recognition into a bustling tourist resort.”
Band 7.0–8.5Lexical UpgradeMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):a lot of big problems
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

a myriad of pressing issues

/ə ˈmɪriəd ɒv ˈpresɪŋ ˈɪʃuːz/Noun phrase

vô số vấn đề cấp bách

An extremely large number of urgent societal challenges.

“Rapid urbanization has given rise to a myriad of pressing issues, ranging from housing shortages to air pollution.”
Band 7.0–8.5Framing PerspectivesMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):thinking about money and society
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

from a socioeconomic standpoint

/frɒm ə ˌsəʊsiəʊˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk ˈstændpɔɪnt/Prepositional phrase

xét trên góc độ kinh tế - xã hội

Evaluated through the combined lens of economic and social factors.

“Evaluated from a socioeconomic standpoint, state-funded preschool delivers high long-term returns.”
Band 7.0–8.5Academic ReasoningMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):prove the idea is true that
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

substantiate the argument that

/səbˈstænʃieɪt ði ˈɑːɡjumənt ðæt/Verb phrase

chứng minh vững chắc luận điểm rằng

To provide solid evidence supporting a claim in an essay.

“Longitudinal health studies substantiate the argument that regular physical exercise lowers healthcare costs.”
Band 7.0–8.5Education & YouthMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):very bad for children growing up
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

detrimental to holistic development

/ˌdetrɪˈmentl tuː həˈlɪstɪk dɪˈveləpmənt/Adjective phrase

gây phương hại đến sự phát triển toàn diện

Harmful to balanced intellectual, emotional, and physical growth.

“Excessive exam pressure at an early age can be detrimental to holistic development.”
Band 7.0–8.5Research & ProofMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):strong real facts
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

compelling empirical evidence

/kəmˈpelɪŋ ɪmˈpɪrɪkl ˈevɪdəns/Noun phrase

bằng chứng thực nghiệm thuyết phục

Convincing proof grounded in observation and real-world data.

“There is compelling empirical evidence linking excessive ultra-processed food intake to metabolic disorders.”
Band 7.0–8.5Cities & DemographicsMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):fast-growing city people
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

burgeoning urban population

/ˈbɜːdʒənɪŋ ˈɜːbən ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/Noun phrase

dân số đô thị đang gia tăng nhanh chóng

A rapidly expanding number of residents living in cities.

“Municipal authorities must upgrade water grids to accommodate a burgeoning urban population.”
Band 7.0–8.5Consumerism & ResourcesMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):using too much without thinking of
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

indiscriminate consumption of

/ˌɪndɪˈskrɪmɪnət kənˈsʌmpʃn ɒv/Noun phrase

việc tiêu thụ bừa bãi, thiếu kiểm soát

Unrestrained, careless use of resources or products without regard for consequences.

“The indiscriminate consumption of single-use packaging has overwhelmed municipal landfills.”
Band 6.0–6.5Solutions & PolicyMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):a good choice that works for a long time
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

a viable long-term alternative

/ə ˈvaɪəbl lɒŋ tɜːm ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/Noun phrase

một giải pháp thay thế khả thi về lâu dài

A practical, sustainable substitute capable of working over many years.

“High-speed rail offers a viable long-term alternative to short-haul domestic flights.”
Band 6.0–6.5Emphasis & ImpactMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):the most important thing in making
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

paramount importance in shaping

/ˈpærəmaʊnt ɪmˈpɔːtns ɪn ˈʃeɪpɪŋ/Noun phrase

tầm quan trọng tối thượng trong việc định hình

Supreme significance above all other factors in influencing an outcome.

“Parental role modeling is of paramount importance in shaping children's reading habits.”
Task 1 DataTask 1 & 2 ComparisonMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):a clear difference between
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

a marked discrepancy between

/ə mɑːkt dɪˈskrepənsi bɪˈtwiːn/Noun phrase

một sự chênh lệch rõ nét giữa

A noticeable, striking difference between two figures or expectations.

“The survey reveals a marked discrepancy between male and female enrollment in engineering degrees.”
Task 1 DataTask 1 & 2 ContrastMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):completely different from the one before
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

stark contrast to the preceding

/stɑːk ˈkɒntrɑːst tuː ðə prɪˈsiːdɪŋ/Noun phrase

sự tương phản rõ rệt so với giai đoạn trước đó

A sharp, unmistakable difference compared with the earlier period.

“In stark contrast to the preceding decade, coal consumption fell by nearly half after 2015.”
Band 7.0–8.5Education & SocietyMới • Chưa ôn
❌ Tránh dùng (Band 5):way for poor people to move up in life
✅ C1 COLLOCATION CHUẨN CAMBRIDGE

catalyst for upward mobility

/ˈkætəlɪst fɔːr ˈʌpwəd məʊˈbɪləti/Noun phrase

động lực thúc đẩy sự thăng tiến tầng lớp xã hội

A driving force enabling individuals to achieve higher socioeconomic status.

“Equitable access to scholarships remains a powerful catalyst for upward mobility.”